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The Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura is the highest judicial authority in the Catholic Church (apart from the Pope himself, who as supreme ecclesiastical judge is the final point of appeal for any ecclesiastical judgment).〔(Code of Canon Law, canon 1442 )〕 In addition, it oversees the administration of justice in the Church.〔(Apostolic constitution ''Pastor Bonus'', 121-125 ) (translation revised by the Secretariat of State (Holy See)).〕 The Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura (since 8 November 2014) is Cardinal Dominique Mamberti. The Secretary (since April 12, 2008) is Archbishop Frans Daneels, O. Praem. The Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura is housed in the Italian Renaissance-era Palazzo della Cancelleria in Rome, Italy, which also is the headquarters and meeting place of the Roman Catholic Church's other two Tribunals. The Apostolic Signatura only hears appeals from these two tribunals (which normally have final and universal (Church ) appellate jurisdiction over their respective areas of competence) if some process was in error or there is an inter-agency conflict, and usually not in regards to the judgment which was made or the merits of the case. The two other Tribunals located there are the Sacred Roman Rota (which is normally the final appellate tribunal of the Church for most court cases, especially regarding marriage nullity, decisions of Bishops, and ecclesiastical trials and disciplinary procedures), and the Apostolic Penitentiary (which is normally the Church's final appellate tribunal regarding all matters having to do with the forgiveness of sins and the proper celebration of the Sacrament of Reconciliation). ==Field of competence== The Roman Rota is the ordinary appellate tribunal of the Apostolic See.〔(Code of Canon Law, canon 1443 )〕〔(''Pastor Bonus'', 128 )〕 The Signatura's competence covers: # complaints of nullity and petitions for total reinstatement against sentences of the Roman Rota; # recourses, in cases concerning the status of persons, when the Roman Rota has denied a new examination of the case; # exceptions of suspicion and other proceedings against judges of the Roman Rota arising from the exercise of their functions; # conflicts of competence between tribunals which are not subject to the same appellate tribunal.〔〔(Code of Canon Law, canon 1445 §1 )〕 Apart from these judicial matters, the Signatura has competence as an administrative tribunal to deal with controversies over administrative decisions made by or approved by departments of the Roman Curia if it is contended that the decision violated some law, either in the decision-making process or in the procedure used. It can also deal with administrative controversies referred to it by the Pope or those departments, and with conflicts of competence between the departments.〔〔(Code of Canon Law, canon 1445 §2 )〕 A third field of competence for the Signatura is that of overseeing all the tribunals of the Catholic Church, with power to extend the jurisdiction of tribunals, to grant dispensations from procedural laws, to establish interdiocesan tribunals, and to discipline canonical advocates.〔〔(Code of Canon Law, canon 1445 §3 )〕 The Cardinal Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura serves ''ex officio'' as the President of the Supreme Court of Vatican City (''Corte di Cassazione''). The two other members of the Supreme Court are also Cardinals of the Apostolic Signatura and are chosen by the Cardinal Prefect on a yearly basis. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Apostolic Signatura」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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